Loaʻa ka ʻike me kahi kanaka me ka aspidistra i kahi liʻiliʻi ma mua o ʻelua mau kenekulia i hala aku nei. A i loko o kēia wā pōkole, e nā pae kuʻuna hanana, nā mea kanu mai ka ʻāina ʻAsia ua hana i nā mea pohihihi he nui loa, e lilo i hōʻailona no ka antifascism i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II a me kahi hōʻailona o ka papa waena i ka wā o ka mōʻīwahine Victoria.
Aspidistra: ka moʻolelo o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi mea kanu
ʻO nā mea kanu mua, i kēia lā i hāʻawi ʻia i ka ʻohana Asparagus i loaʻa a wehewehe ʻia i ka makahiki 1822 e ka huaʻāina ʻo Gene Goler. Hāʻawi ʻo ia i ka inoa o ka aspidistra, akā like me nā mana o ka mana o kēia wā, ua hāʻawi ʻia ka ʻohana i ka ʻohana Lilein, kahi āna i noho ai a hiki i 2009.
ʻO ke kumu no ka helu ʻana me nā mea pili e pili ana i ka asparagus a me ka lilia o ke awāwa ka mea maoli, ʻaʻole like me nā līlia, ʻaʻole ia he pala. He mea haohao ia i ʻike nui ai nā pundits i ka manawa i ʻike ʻia, akā mai ka wehe ʻana a hiki i nā 80s o ka kenekulia i hala aku nei ka liʻiliʻi loa i ka aspidist mai ka ʻaoʻao o ka nerds.
Hiki ke hoʻoholo ʻia kēia kūlana no ka mea ʻaʻole maopopo loa nā ʻano o ka koho ʻana i ka mea kanu, a ua ʻike ʻia ka pua nui ʻana. Eia kekahi, i nā 70s, ua wehewehe nā kānakaʻepekema i nā ʻano he 8-10 wale nō, akā ma ka makahiki he 10 e hiki mai ana he kanakolu mau ʻano hou i ʻike ʻia ma Kina. Ma ka makahiki 2008, ua loaʻa iā nā kānaka ʻepekema kūʻokoʻa 93 o ka nui o nā mea kanu aspidistra. A i kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei lākou e pili ana i nā mea pili 101, a kahi mamao loa i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻike, no ka mea ua huli ka nui o nā mea kanu o kēia ʻano hoʻohālike.
ʻAuhea e ulu ai ka aspidistra?
Hiki ke noʻonoʻo ʻia ka ʻāina ʻōiwi o ka aspidistra ma ka hikina a me Asia hema. ʻO nā mea kanu o kēia ʻano he ʻāpana o ka puaʻa kūloko i nā wahi ulaula o East India, Taiwan a me Iapana. Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa ka nui loa o nā ʻano he nui i loko o ka mokuʻo Kina ma Guangxi, a ʻo Vietnam ka lua o ka hāmama ʻano lua ʻē aʻe, kahi i loaʻa i kekahi o nā ʻano mea hou i ka makahiki 2013.
ʻO ka pilikia i ka ʻike ʻana a me ka wehewehe ʻana i nā mea kanu, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike ʻia e ka waiwai nui o nā pua o nā wahi e ulu ana, akā ʻo ka mea i waena o nā mea kanu o ka aspidistra he nui nā mea lahilahi me ka hua i wehewehe ʻia.
ʻO ka mea kanu Aspidistra: wehewehe a me nā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO Aspidistra, he ʻole o ka noho ʻana, he mau mea kanu hakahaka i mea e kū ai nā rhizome papa, ka ʻona a hōʻiliʻili ʻia mai nā ʻuʻuku liʻiliʻi, kokoke me ke kumu lāʻau, ka lau a me ka ʻona ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā pua kīʻaha o nā ʻano like ʻole, nā kala a me nā ʻāpana.
ʻO nā pua, e like me nā lau, he pōkole pōkole loa, no laila no ka nui o nā mea ulu pua e lilo i ka mea hoʻoluhi. ʻO ka hua i hana ʻia ma hope o ka hoʻoilo ʻana o ka pua i kahi ʻano ʻōwili a poepoe paha me kahi ʻāpana o kahi ʻala paha i loko.
ʻOiai ka nānā ʻole ʻana mai ka poʻe ʻepekema, hoʻomaka koke ka aspidistra i loko o ka moʻomeheu. Ma mua aʻe o hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki i hala, ua hoʻomaka ka lāʻau no ka loiloi i ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Kahi i ulu ka aspidistra i loko, a ulu ikaika i ka ʻaka ākea, ʻo ka pōmaikaʻi ʻo ia nā waiwai o ka moʻomeheu e ʻae iā ia e ʻae i nā pā liʻiliʻi subzero, hoʻoheheʻe liʻiliʻi a me nā uhi.
A ma Europa, ʻoi loa ma UK, ua lilo ka aspidistra kiʻekiʻe a me ka elatior i hōʻailona maoli loa. Eia nō naʻe, ua lilo ka mea kanu wale nō ma muli o ka lau nahele loea i nā lau kūleʻa, akā, no ka mea kupanaha.
Aia nō he manaʻo no ka mālama ʻole ʻana a me ka mālama, hiki ke kūleʻa ka moʻomeheu, a ʻo ka inoa inoa ʻo "mea kanu lāʻau" ua mālama ʻia ma hope o kahi aspidistra no kahi haneli. Maemae ʻokoʻa ka moʻomeheu i ka ʻike i loko o ka malu hohonu, i nā kūlana o ka wai haʻahaʻa a ʻūhū haʻahaʻa paha. ʻO kahi mahana o -5 ° C a i lalo paha ʻaʻole e hōʻino i ka mea hoʻonani a me ke olakino o nā mea kanu.
Hoʻopili aku i nā mea kanu me nā lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo lahilahi, hoʻomanaʻo loa i nā lilia o ke awāwa, Ma nā wahi i loaʻa ai ka aspidistra i ke kūlohelohe, nā loea me nā motley a me nā lau manamana. I kēia mau lā, e pili ana i kēia ʻano Variegata me nā ʻāpana keʻokeʻo a i ʻole he melemele paha, nui nā kihi ʻo ka mea kanu i kanu ʻia ma ka lōʻihi o ka lau o ka lau. Aia nā aspidistra me nā pau o nā ʻaoʻao o nā lau, a me nā mea kanu pau loa.
ʻO ka nui o nā ʻano ʻehā i loaʻa no ka poʻe aloha i loko o ka pā hale i loko o kēia lā. I waena o nā mea hoihoi hoihoi he aspidistra:
- "Asahi" a "ʻole paha" i ka ʻōlelo Kepani he ʻokoʻa na ka lau ʻōpio ʻōpiopio i ka kulukala palukala, a laila huli kaomi i mua o ke kumu i luna;
- "Hoshi-Zora" aiʻole "lani hōkū" me nā lau nui, i hoʻonani ʻia me nā wahi kohu lahilahi;
- "Nā mele a Lennon" me nā lau lōʻihi a kuhikuhi i nā lau ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻōniʻoniʻo pale ma ka papa lau;
- "Okame" me nā ʻoki keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ka lōʻihi o ka lōʻihi o ka pale.
Aspidistra: ʻike maopopo
Nui nā mea kanu me kahi moʻolelo lihi loa, e like me ka aspidistra, ma mua o 200 mau makahiki i ʻike ʻia i ka ʻepekema, ua hoʻokō kēia moʻomeheu i kahi ulu o nā moʻolelo maikaʻi loa a me nā moʻolelo kaulana ʻole.
ʻO ka mea hoihoi mua e pili i ka aspidistra e pili ana i kona inoa. Hiki pinepine iā ʻoe ke lohe i ka mana e pā ai ka mea kanu i kona inoa i "aspids", ʻo ia hoʻi nā mea nahesa. Eia nō naʻe, inā e huli mākou i nā memoir o ka mea ʻike i ka moʻomeheu, huli ia i kēlā, e kapa ana i ka mea kanu i kahi aspidistra, manaʻo ka mea botanist e pili ana i ka ʻano o kona mau lau, i kekahi mau ʻano like me nā pahuhopu ākea pālua. ʻOiai, ʻoiai ʻo J Goler i hoʻohālikelike ʻia, ua lawe ʻia ka inoa "gladiolus", pono ia e kāhea i ka genid aspidistra wehe.
ʻO ka lua a i ʻole he mea hoihoi paha e pili ana i ka aspidistra e pili ana i ke ʻano o ke koho ʻana i nā mea kanu. Nui nā kumu i ʻōlelo ʻia o nā pua ulu kīʻaha ma ka pae o ka ʻāina ua hoʻomehana ʻia e ka slugs, snails, a me nā crustaceans liʻiliʻi wale nō. ʻO kēia mana, kahi i hala ai nā makahiki he mau makahiki, ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he ʻano ʻano hana haʻahaʻa.
ʻO nā noiʻi hou i hana ʻia i loko o kekahi mau'āina e nā kānakaʻepekema mai Pelekane, Kina, ʻAmelika a me Lūkini i hōʻike mai i ka lawe ʻana i ka pollen, hilinaʻi ʻia ma kahi e ulu ai ka aspidistra, e lawe ʻia ana e nā kui liʻiliʻi, mau moka ʻalāwai a me nā alapiole. Eia kekahi, no ka ulana o nā pua, i lilo nā hale aspidistra i hale. Mālama ʻia ka ʻōpala i kahi e nā mea inikua a hoʻomohala ʻia i loko o ka corolla e hoʻāʻo a me ka polū, akā, ʻo ka ʻūhū ʻana, hele lākou i waho a hoʻoneʻe i nā mea hae mai nā stamens a hiki i ka pestle.
I ka ʻāina home o ka aspidistra, i loko o Iapana, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lau o kēia mea kanu no nā kenekulia no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma luna o ke kīʻaha maʻamau a i ʻole i loko o kahi pahu o nā kīʻaha pilikino, kahi mea maʻamau no ka ʻaina kaiāulu. ʻOiaiʻo kēia mau lā, ke hoʻololi ʻia nā mea ʻala lauwili poloka me ka pepa a i ʻole ka palaka paha, ʻike wale ʻia nā lau o ka aspidistra i loko o nā hale inu gourmet a i ʻole nā hana a nā haku kalaiwa.
ʻAʻole mea he mea nui o ka manaʻo ka mea pili ʻo aspidistra i kahi mea kaulana loa me nā haku mana o nā mana o ka lālā. ʻO nā lau a me nā mea paʻakikī loa ka maikaʻi no ka hoʻonaninani ʻana i nā bouquets, rosettes a buttonholes paha, a no nā hana nui aʻe.
ʻAʻole hala nā kala i ka lōʻihi o ka momona o kā lākou momona, nā mālamalama a me nā elasticity ma lalo o ka lā a me nā kilike, i ka makani a me ke anu.
He aha ka hōʻailona o ka aspidistra?
Ua ʻōlelo ka nui o nā lāhui he lahilahi nā mea hou a ka poina, e pili pono ana i ka aspidistra. I kēia mau lā, ke nānā nei nā mea ulu pua i ka mālama i ka moʻomeheu loea i ka lauleʻa ʻole e ola a hiki i nā kūlana kūpono loa.
A ʻo ka pua flurry mua i kaulana loa i ka mea kanu i kū mai i ka wā o ka mōʻīwahine Victoria Victoria, i ka wā i hele mai nā mea floral a me ka nui o nā kikoʻī i loko. ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona nui o ke kālai ʻana i laila, he mau pua hou, ka mea i ʻike ʻia i loko o nā hale i ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā kānaka kiʻekiʻe wale, akā i nā kānaka maʻamau hoʻi.
He mea paʻakikī paha! ʻAʻole paʻakikī ka ulu ʻana o kāu moʻomeheu punahele i loko o ka pā hao, akā hoʻokahi haneli mau makahiki i hala aku nei ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā mea kanu pua. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kukui ʻana o nā hale ke hōʻoluʻolu i ka pono o nā mea kanu no ka mālamalama; ʻO Aspidistra kahi mea kanu i kūpaʻa a uliuli hou i nā kūlana o ʻEnelani ma kahi o ka hope o ke kenekulia ma mua o ka mea i hala.
ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o ka pā hao me ka aspidistra i loko o ka hale kahi hōʻailona o ka ulu a me kahi hōʻailona no ka pili o ka papa waena.
I ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua lilo ka mea kanu i mea nui ma ka moʻolelo a George Orwell. ʻO ka puke "E mālama i ka Aspidistra Flying" i paʻi ʻia i ka makahiki 1936. Ma USSR, i paʻi ʻia ma lalo o ka poʻomanaʻo e maopopo i ke aupuni "Long live the ficus!". Ke haʻi nei ka moʻolelo i ka moʻolelo o Gordon Comstock, kahi poʻomanaʻo a me nā mea kākau inoa ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i ka hoʻomaopopo a no laila hana ʻo ia ma kahi keʻena hoʻolaha.
He mea ʻole ke ʻano o ka pōʻino o ka ke koa, ʻike ʻo ia i ka aspidistra, e hōʻike ana i ka makemake no kahi ola maikaʻi i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia hope, he ʻōlala a uliuli hou.
ʻO ka hui kuikahi ma waena o ke kanaka a me ka mea kanu i pau i ka wā i hālāwai ai ʻo Gordon i ke aloha, maleʻa ʻo ia a ʻike iā ia e lilo i makua. Ka mea, ʻaʻole i loko o ka makemake o ka mahalo i ka mea hoʻonaninani, a ʻo ka aspidistra, he hōʻailona o ka kūleʻa i loko o ke kaiāulu, ʻo ia hoʻi he nani.
Ua hōʻoia aku ka mea kākau a ua hilahila ʻo ia i kēia makana, no ka mea i loaʻa i ka puke ka mana autobiographical a hoʻopuka ʻia wale nō ma muli o ka pōʻino o ka mea kākau. A ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻomaopopo i ka maʻamau i ke ʻano o ka moʻo i kau ʻia i ka inoa.
ʻO ka manawa ma hope mai, ua i ka 1938, ua lilo ka aspidistra i heroine o kahi mele kaulana. ʻO ka "aspidistra nui loa i ka honua" i hana ʻia e Gracie Fields, a i ka wā kaua, ua lilo ia i ʻano ʻano o ke kūʻē ʻana, no ka mea o kāna kumu kumu i lilo ai i hōʻailona kelepona o ko ka leʻaleʻa radio anti-fascist o ʻEnelani, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ma ka inoa ASPI a i ʻole "Aspidistra".
