Ka ʻohana ʻawaʻawa

Pelekane (Gentiana) - nā mea kanu kupanaha e hoʻopilikia i ka kala o kā lākou pua nui. ʻOi kekahi i ʻohi i ka palaha ʻōmaʻomaʻo a pau - mai ke aniani saturated, ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ka huli ʻulaʻula, a ʻulaʻula. A loaʻa kahi hui me nā pua ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo, melemele. ʻOi aku ma kahi o 90 mau ʻano o nā ʻōhua e hoʻohana ʻia i ka moʻomeheu. Hoʻohui lākou i nā puʻu alpine a me nā lua pōhaku, ua kanu ʻia lākou i nā palena a me kahi kāla mau.

ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo nā amateurs e ulu i nā holoholona ʻehā - alpine gentians (Gentiana alpina), stanless (Gentiana acaulis), spring (Gentiana verna), gore (Gentiana asclepiadae), ʻehiku ʻokoʻa (Gentiana septemfida), a laila kūpaʻa lākou i ka mahi ʻana, maʻalahi wale nō no ka kanu ʻana. Kūkulu maoli ka ʻeleʻele (Gentiana lutea) no kona nui (ʻo ia ke ʻano he nui a hiki i ka 1.5 m ke kiʻekiʻe) a me ka waiwai lāʻau.

ʻO ʻAsia kahi ʻāina hānau o nā ʻano like ʻole. Hāʻawi mākou i ke kamaʻāina me kekahi mau mea ola kino o ka poʻe Kelemania mai Kina. ʻO ka hapanui o lākou ka stunted, pua a i ke kauwela a me ka wā lohi (ʻo ka manawa o ka pua ma lalo o nā kumu kūlohelohe i hōʻike ʻia).

• Nani ka haole (Gentiana ampla) -3-7 cm kiʻekiʻe me nā lau awl me ka liʻiliʻi lau. ʻO nā pua ke kū hoʻokahi, nui, ʻano kālai ʻia, ʻulaʻula, keʻokeʻo ma ka waihona me nā kaula ʻoliki pōkole. ʻIke ʻia ma nā ʻāpana alpine ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 3200-4500 m ma luna o ke kai. Hoʻopau ia mai i Iune a Kepakemapa.
• Pelika Pelekane (Praticola Gentiana) - he 5-11 cm kiʻekiʻe me nā ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele o ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole nā ​​ʻulaʻula. ʻOhi ka pua ma nā ʻāpana he nui i ka piko o ka pana a me nā koʻi o nā lau, ʻano like me ka ʻulaʻula, nā ʻulaʻula me nā ʻulaʻula ulaula i ka waihona. Ua ulu ia ma nā kuahiwi kuahiwi ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 1200-3200 m ma luna o ke kai. Hoʻopau ia i ka mahina o Kepakemapa a me ʻOkakopa.
• ʻ Gentlelo Pelekānia Kino (Gentiana sino-ornata) - 10-15 cm kiʻekiʻe a me nā lau awl me nā mākāne māla e pālahalaha loa i ka pua floriculture. Hoʻonaninani nā pua i ka lole keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, hoʻokahi, nui. ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā wahi kuahiwi mauna ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2400-4800 m. ʻO ia ka pua a me ʻAukake.
• ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (Gentiana arethusae var. delicatula) - 10-15 cm kiʻekiʻe loa me nā lau awl e'ōwili pālahalaha e uhi ana i ka pahu. ʻO nā pua nui, ka puʻu, ʻano lilac me nā kākāʻeleʻele pōkole ma ka ʻaoʻao o lalo. Ke kūlohelohe nei, lawe ʻia ma nā kuahiwi kuahiwi, nā wahi nahele, ma nā awāwa alpine, i nā ululāʻau a me nā kumulāʻau o nā mea kanu ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2700 a 4800 m ma luna o ke kai. Ua pua mai ia ma ʻAukake a ʻo ʻOkakopa.
• Kanana kāne (Gentiana cephalantha) - 10-30 cm kiʻekiʻe me nā lau elongated nui me kahi kiko kiʻekiʻe. Nui nā pua, ʻohi ʻia i liʻiliʻi ma nā pihi o nā ʻōpala a me nā koi o nā lau, ʻulaʻula-ʻulaʻula, a me nā kākā ʻia i ʻili pōkole ma ke kumu a me kahi ʻano kiʻi ʻaukā ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā niho corolla. Hāʻawi ʻia ia ma nā kahe o nā lā a me nā kihi o nā ululāʻau ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 2000 a 3600 m.ʻūhala ia i Sepatemaba a ʻOkakopa.
• He pua ulaula ka puaea (Gentiana rhodantha) - 20-50 cm kiʻekiʻe me nā lau oval nui me kahi kihi kuhikuhi. ʻO nā pua nā ulaula, hoʻokahi, nui, nā kihi o nā niho corolla i ulana ʻia. ʻIke ʻia ia ma nā kuahiwi mauna a me nā nahele ma kahi kiʻekiʻe o 1700-2500 m ma luna o ke kai. Ua pua mai ia a hiki i ka mahina Pepeluali.
• ʻIanʻeleʻeleʻele (Gentiana melandriifolia) - 5-7 cm kiʻekiʻe me nā lau oval. ʻO nā pua he hoʻokahi, nui, kukui keʻokeʻo me kahi keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā niho corolla. Loaʻa ia ma nā wahi me nā a lāʻau a nā wao nahele i ke kiʻekiʻe o 2200-3300 m ma luna o ke kai. Hoʻopau ia i ka mahina o Kepakemapa a me ʻOkakopa.
• ʻOkoʻa paʻakikī (ʻO nā ʻōhua Gentiana) - 30-50 cm kiʻekiʻe me nā lau elongated. ʻO ka pua pua ka pale, i ʻili ʻia ma nā kihi o nā ʻoki i kekahi mau ʻāpana. ʻIke ʻia ma nā kuahiwi kuahiwi ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 1,500-2,800 m ma luna o ke kai. Ua pua mai ia ma ʻAukake a ʻo ʻOkakopa.

ʻOiai ke ʻano kūao nani, hiki i nā waihoʻoluʻu o nā pua, nā pua nui, ka mea maʻamau ʻaʻole maʻamau i ka moʻomeheu. E pili ana i nā pilikia o ka hoʻohālikelike a me nā koi kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu no nā kūlana ola. Ke kamaʻilio nei ka poʻe hoihoi pua i ka mea maoli no ka poʻe mākia ua hana lākou i nā mea kūpono loa a ulu nui lākou, akā ʻaʻole makemake i ka pua. ʻO nā pua uliuli lōʻihi e hōʻike wale ana i ka wā i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea kanu i kekahi mau mita i ka ʻaoʻao.

Makemake ka poʻe Pelekania i ka lā a i ka ʻula ma muli o ko lākou wahi maoli. ʻO ka pinepine ka kanu ʻia i nā puʻu alpine, kahi e ʻike nui ai. Eia nō naʻe, he wahi kūpono ka lā a me ka ʻāina māla maloʻo ʻaʻole kūpono no ka hapanui o nā ʻōpū palipila i pua i ka pūnāwai a me ka ʻohi. Kūleʻa lākou maikaʻi i ka hema, akā ma ke komohana, liʻiliʻi i ka pā i ka ʻūhā a i ʻole ka pale ʻāpana. Kūpono maikaʻi nā pua i ka wā lohi ma ka lewa o nā wai wai, me ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Nui nā ʻano he nui i nā ʻuala, no laila hoʻohui ʻia nā gravel i nā luawai i kanu ʻia. ʻAʻole pono e hoʻokele ka pūnaewele. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka podium pua.

Hoʻolaha ka poʻe Polani e nā hua, e hoʻokaʻawale i ka lāʻau a ʻokiʻoki. Ua liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi nā hua, no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka embryo e pono ai lākou ka stratification ma ka hōʻai umauma, hoʻoheheʻe maikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻōmaina ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 7 ° C no 1-3 mau mahina. Ua hoʻokūpaʻa ʻia ka huaʻōlelo stratification. No kekahi mau mea, lawa ka malama 1 mahina, pono ka nui o nā alpine i kahi liʻiliʻi no 2 mau mahina o ka hoʻomehana. Inā ʻaʻole paʻa ka manawa hoʻopiʻi, a laila hiki i nā hua ke hāʻule hou i loko o kahi kūlana hoʻomaha a hiki i ka puna hou. Hoʻohui ʻia nā hua ʻai ma mua o ka stratification me ke one maikaʻi a i ʻole ka granular peat ma kahi pālahalaha o 1: 3. Hiki iā ʻoe ke lulu i nā hua kanu i ka hoʻoilo i ka hoʻoilo i kahi moena me nā ʻāina i hoʻopiha ʻia, pae ʻia maikaʻi. Ua lulu hū ʻia nā hua liʻiliʻi, ʻuʻuku wale i ka lepo, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pīpī ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia nā hua kanu hou.

Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā kaʻa i ka pūnāwai a i ʻole hāʻule. ʻAʻole like ka nui o nā ʻano he nui i ka hoʻoili ʻana, no laila ua kanu ʻia nā mea kanu me kahi ʻano nui o ka ʻāina a nui ka wai nui.

No nā millennia he nui, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia ka poʻe kelekikia i ka lāʻau lapaʻau o nā kānaka āpau, a me China a me India, ʻoiai ʻo ka ikaika loa o ka Europa i loko o ka hihiu ʻaʻole i loaʻa.

Ma Lūkia, ua kau inoa ʻia nā haku ma ka Puke ʻĀina. Hiki ke loaʻa nā mea huluhulu i nā inoa o nā ʻōiwi ʻano, akā ma ka ikaika o ke ʻawaʻawa, ua haʻahaʻa lākou a pau i ka melian melemele ...

Mea i hoʻohana ʻia:

• E. Gorbunova, moho no nāʻike ʻepekema ʻoiaʻiʻo. Nā mea no ka māla