Ua lōʻihi nā kala Nutrist i kā lākou pāpale i mua o kahi zucchini. ʻAʻole wale ia he nui o ka pāharea (a hiki i ka 238 mg no 100 g), aia nō ka sodium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, keleawe a me ka hao, kahi pūʻulu o nā waikawa organik, nā huaora C, B1, B2, a me ka hapa o ka sodium a me ka pāhana e mālama pono ana i nā hemolele (1: 100). Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā kilocalories, a laila ma ka 100 kalona o ka zucchini hou, aia wale nō o 27.
Mahalo i kēia mau mea, zucchini, i ka noho ʻana i loko o kaʻai o nā kānaka olakino, e kōkua iā lākou e noho mau no ka manawa lōʻihi. Hoʻopili hou kēia i ka vitamina C, a me ka pale ʻana o ka anemia me ka atherosclerosis, a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi hou ʻana i ka maʻi gastrointestinal holoʻokoʻa. A no ka poʻe ʻike mua i nā kauka, ʻo ka zucchini ka huahana nui loa. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia no nā maʻi o ka ʻōpū, ka papa palapa, duodenum, hypertension, obesity, anemia a me nā maʻi cardiovascular.
Zucchini. © nocivegliaʻO ka wai squash he haʻahaʻa loa i nā kaloria, no laila e laʻa no ka poʻe e makemake e hoʻemi i ka paona, me ka inu ʻana e pale ai i ka momona a pale i ka hōʻiliʻili o ka kolamu ma ke kino. Ke ulu nei mākou i kēia mea kanu me ka leʻaleʻa a e loaʻa iā ʻoe ka uku he nui o ka waiora a me ke olakino!
Zucinini (Cucurbita pepo var. giromontina) he ʻano lāʻau ʻoi pāpaʻu me nā hua oblong, me ka wai ʻole.
ʻO kahi mea kanu hakanui kūloko o ke ʻano paukena o ka ʻohana maukana, kahi ʻano maʻamau o ka paukena. ʻO ka'ōmaʻomaʻo Oblong paha he'ōmaʻomaʻo, ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele paha. ʻO ka maʻalahi me ka momona nā huahana huamina e pono ai ka hopena maikaʻi a me ka olakino.
Hiki mai ʻo Zucchini mai Mexico ʻĀpana (ke awāwa ʻo Oaxaca) kahi i hoʻopau ʻia ai kāna mau hua kanu. Ua hele mai ʻo Pumpkin i ʻEulopa i ka makahiki 16 a ʻoihana me "nā mea hoihoi" lawe ʻia mai ka New World. I ka wā mua, ulu nā zucchini, e like me ka hapa nui o nā mea kupanaha, i ulu i nā māla botanika. He mea paʻakikī kēia ke noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka ʻai Kuke ma waho me kēia mea kanu. Ua manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻomaka ka poʻe Italia i ka kenekulia XVIII e hoʻohana i ka zucchini uncrised, e like me kā mākou e hana nei i kēia lā.
Ke kanu nei i nā hua a me ke kanu ʻana i nā hua kanu o ka zucchini
No nā hua pua, e lawe i nā pākīnika piha 10x10 i ka nui, e ninini i kahi hui pā maikaʻi me ka humus a me ka humus i loko o lākou, e loaʻa ana kahi mākaukau maikaʻi no nā kukama, ninini i ka wai mahana a lūlū i nā hua i hoʻomākaukau ʻia i ka hohonu o 2-3 cm.
Kūʻai nā hua kanu i kahi mahana o ke ea 18-18 ° C. E ninini i nā mea kanu me ka mahana (22 ° C) i ka nui o ka wai aniani ma 1 mau aniani no ka 1 pā o ka manawa no ka lā 10-12. I ka wā holoʻokoʻa o nā hua kanu, e hānai ʻia ana 2 mau manawa.
Nā hua kanu o ka zucchini. © JoanʻO ka lole lole mua e hana ia lā 8-10 ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai. I 1 lita wai, 1 g o Bud ua bred (ulu hoʻolauleʻa ulu ʻana). Hoʻomoʻa ʻia me ka 1 kīʻaha no 1-2 nā mea kanu. ʻO ka lole top ka lua ua hana ʻia i nā lā 8-10 ma hope o ka wā mua. I 2 l wai o ka wai, 1 kiki i ka wai o "Agricola-5" i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻoinu ʻia ma ka pākahi o 1 kīʻaha o ka hopena i kēlā me kēia mea kanu.
Kanu ʻia nā hua he 30 30 mau lā i kahi ākea ma kahi moe, i uhi ʻia me ke kiʻi ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke ʻano mahana. ʻO ke kumukanawai kanu o ka zucchini he 70x70 cm. Hoʻomaka ʻia nā mea kanu i ke kakahiaka a i nā lā wela paha. Ke kanu nei i loko o kahi lua, e hōʻoia pono ua hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia nā ipu i ka lepo a he 2-3 cm ma lalo o kona ʻili. Maikaʻi e hoʻohui i ka luawai ma mua o ke kanu ʻana i ka hui o ka organo-mineral o kēia ʻano mea: 0.5 ʻōpala o humus a i ʻole ka compost, 5 g o urea, 20 g o superphosphate, 10 g o ka pāpaʻi klorida. Ke kanu kanu zucchini, pono ka inu wai (1-2 lita o ka wai no ka mea kanu hoʻokahi).
Hiki ke lulu i ka Zucchini i kahi mau wahi ma kahi mahana a hoʻomehana. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e hoʻohana i nā ʻāina liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi no nā mea kanu a ʻelua paha. Me ka mālama pono, ulu maikaʻi kēia mau mea kanu i ka hua he nui. Ke koho i kahi pūnaewele, pono e hoʻomanaʻo e hiki ʻole ke ulu i ka zucchini ma nā wahi i kanu ʻia ai nā huaʻai paukiki i nā makahiki i hala.
Zucchini hua kanu i kanu ʻia. © Lance FisherMa lalo o nā kūlana kūpono, hiki i ka zucchini ke lūlū ʻia ma ka wahi ākea i nā lua i ka māla e like me ke ʻano like me nā hua kanu (70x70 cm). Hāpai ʻia ke kanu ʻana mai Mei 1 a me Iune 10. Ua hoʻomākaukau ʻia ka moena a me nā mea kanu. I kēlā me kēia luʻu, ua lulu ʻia nā hua he 2 i kahi hohonu o 2-3 cm ma kahi mamao o 5 cm mai kēlā me kēia. I ka hihia o nā mea kanu ʻelua, ua hoʻoneʻe a hoʻoili ʻia kahi mea kanu i kahi moena ʻē aʻe.
Ma hope o ka lūlū i nā hua kanu a i kanu ʻia paha nā mea kanu, ua uhi ʻia ka moena i kahi uhi a i ʻole nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni. I ka hihia o ka hau, pono ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana. Hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka kiʻi mai ka māla ma hope o Iune 12-15. E kiʻi i kahi hua o ka zucchini i manaʻo ʻia no ka mālama hoʻoilo, ua kanu ʻia nā hua mai Iune 1 a 10.
Mālama
Pono e mālama aku i nā pana kuʻuna o ka zucchini mai nā manu hū me nā rooks i loaʻa iā lākou. No ka hana ʻana i kēia, e kau i nā nīniha pepa a i ʻole ʻoniʻoni, me he mea lā e pale ana i nā ʻōpala.
E mālama ana i ka zucchini, ʻoiai inā i kanu ʻia lākou e nā hua kanu a i kanu ʻia me nā hua kanu, ʻo ia nō ka wehe i ka lepo, ka lau ʻana i nā lau, nā ʻihi ʻihi, ka lole kihi.
Hoʻopau ʻia ka wehe mua ʻana o ka lepo i ka wā e puka ai nā mea kanu a i nā lā 5-7 paha ma hope o ke neʻe ʻana, e hoʻohui pū ʻia me ka weuweu nāu. Inā ulu ka zucchini e ka lulu ʻana i nā hua kanu, a laila i ka puka mua ʻana o ka lau mua, ua ʻoki ʻia nā mea kanu, e waiho ana i hoʻokahi i loko o ka lua. I ka manawa like, ʻaʻole pono e huki nā mea kanu mai ka lepo me ka aʻa, akā e pono e huki ʻia i ka pae o ka lepo.
ʻO ka pua a me nā hua o kahi aka. © udextensionHoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā mea kanu, i kahi o 1 manawa i 10 mau lā, ma 8-10 l / m2, i ka wā o ka hua ʻana, ua pālua ʻia ka nui o ka irrigation. Pono e hoʻōla i nā mea kanu i ke ahiahi wale nō me ka wai mahana ʻaʻole e emi iho ma lalo o 22-25 ° С. Ke hoʻohāinu ʻia me ka wai anuanu, hiki i ka nui o ka ʻōpala o nā ʻōpio ʻōpiopio. I ka pau ʻana o ka manawa ulu 7-10 mau lā ma mua o ke hōʻiliʻili ʻana, ua pani ʻia ka wai, i ʻole ka hoʻohoka i ka maikaʻi o nā hua.
Mai ka hoʻohālikelike pinepine ʻana i ka zucchini, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka ʻōnaʻi o ke aʻa, pono e uhi ʻia me ka kāwili ʻana o ka palapala o ka layer o 3-5 cm. I ka mahele o nā lau 3-4 maoli, e pono nā mea kanu, no ka mea ke kōkua kēia i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā aʻa. Akā he mea kūpono wale nō ke kāohi me ka lepo lawe ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki ke ulu a Zucchini e like me nā hua kanu, e ʻohi ana i ka lepo me kahi chopper i ka mea kanu. Ke hana nei ʻoe, e hōʻino i ka ʻoihana aʻa a, ʻaʻole ma ke kōkua ʻana, e hōʻeha i ka hōʻeha nui i ka mea kanu.
Ma ka manawa like, ua hānai nā mea kanu no ka manawa mua ma ka nui o 10 mau wai o ka wai, 20 g o ka ammonium nitrate, 40 g o superphosphate a me 20 g mau pākana potash, e hoʻolilo ana i kahi pānaʻi o ka hoʻonā no nā mea kanu 10. ʻO ka lua o ke kāʻei luna e lawe ʻia i ka wā pua e pili ana i ka 10 l o ka wai, 20 g o ka phosphorus a me 40 g o nā pā pipi no ka 5 mau mea kanu. I ka manawa like, ke koho ʻana i nā hua potash, pono mākou e hoʻomanaʻo e ʻae ʻole ka zucchini i ka chlorine; Pono e hoʻohana ʻia ka pālea kalate. Loaʻa ʻia nā hopena maikaʻi loa e ka ʻaihue ʻana i nā mea kanu me ka infusion dilus infusion o ka mullein (1:10) a i ʻole ka ʻaka moa (1:15).
Zucchini, kanu. © CristinaʻO kahi mea nui no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hua nui o ka zucchini ʻo ia ke hana i nā kūlana e pono ai no ka hoʻopiʻi maikaʻi ʻana i nā pua wahine. No laila, e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pīʻīlohi, pono ia e lūlū pinepine i nā lau o nā mea kanu, hāʻawi i ka loaʻa i nā pua nā nā pepeke. A no ka huki ʻana i nā iniseti, pono ʻoe e hoʻopau i ka 1 punetē o ka meli i loko o kahi aniani o ka wai a pīpī i nā mea kanu pua me kēia hoʻonā i ke kakahiaka.
Nui ka poʻe māla e hoʻopaʻa i nā pua kāne i loko o ke kōkōnohi gula no kahi lā a me nā pua wahine ua ʻūkū ʻia me ka hopena hopena.
Inā he paʻa ka ua no ka lā lōʻihi a ʻaʻohe mau holoholona i nā a pau, a laila pono ke koho pono ʻia o nā pua. No ka hana ʻana i kēia mea, haehae lākou i kahi pua kāne, ʻoki i kāna mau petals a hoʻopaʻa i ka polen i ka pistil o ka pua wahine (ma ke kikowaena o ka pua).
ʻAʻole pono e poina iā mākou ʻaʻole hiki i ka zucchini ke hoʻomanawanui i ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe, no laila, inā e ulu ʻoe i ka zucchini ma lalo o ke kiʻi i ke kauwela, a laila me ka pau ʻana o ke kakahiaka hau i ka wā wela, pono ʻoe e hoʻokiʻekiʻe i ke kiʻi mai nā kihi ʻelua a hoʻokaʻawale i ka noho ʻana a hoʻokaʻawale paha i nā kiʻi holoʻokoʻa, i.e. he nui na poka.
Kohi a me ka mālama ʻana o zucchini
ʻO ka wā mai ka pua a hiki i ka hoʻokumu pihaʻana o ka zucchini ʻo 15-20 lā. Hoʻomaka ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka wā e hiki ai nā hua i ka mākona o nā mea hoʻohana, ʻo ia hoʻi, 15 cm ka lōʻihi a me ka lapalapa nui o 5-7 cm .. I kēia manawa, huakui kā lākou māla a ua maʻalahi nā hua aʻai me ka pahi.
Zucchini. © ʻO Julian ColtonMa lalo o nā kūlana maikaʻi loa, e ulu wikiwiki nā hua, a ma nā lau momona e ulu ai nā mea kanu i nā hua 15-20 i ka wā ulu.
I ka wā o ka ulu ulu ʻana, pono e hōʻiliʻili i nā hua i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻaʻole ʻae iā lākou e ulu. ʻO ka ʻai pinepine ʻana i nā huaʻai e lohi loa i ka hana ʻana o nā ovaries ma hope. Eia kekahi, i nā laʻana o ka momona, nā hua i koho ʻia i ka manawa e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā mea overripe.
Hoʻoholo ʻia ka ʻūhā o ka zucchini e ka pā ʻana: pono ke kiki i ka peel, a i ka wa i paʻi ʻia, lohe ʻia ke kani ʻā.
Hoʻopili ʻia ʻo Zucchini, waiho i kahi ala lōʻihi i kēlā me kēia. Inā hiki, pono lākou e mālama i ka lā no nā lā, i maloʻo ka ʻili a paakiki. ʻAʻole pono e paʻi nā hua i ka hau, no ka mea e pili nui kēia i ka mālama pono ʻana.
Mālama a Zelentsy zucchini i kahi mahana o 0-2 ° C no nā lā 12-14, a laila e pau ka maikaʻi o nā hua, a lilo lākou iʻoi aʻe ka paʻakikī.
Hiki ke mālama i nā hua hua zucchini i kahi hale maloʻo maloʻo, hoʻoneʻe paha i lalo o nā kūlana maʻamau a hiki i 4-5 mau mahina. Mālama ʻia lākou i hoʻokahi manawa i loko o nā ʻupena i hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai ka paila, a waiho ʻia ma nā papa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka mauʻu. Akā naʻe, ʻaʻole lākou e launa me kekahi.
Nā maʻi a me nā maʻi ʻeha
Anthracnose
Hōʻike ʻia ia i nā kaʻo pōkole, nā wahi ākea i nā lau o nā mea kanu i kanu ʻia i ka ʻāina i pale ʻia. ʻO nā kulu, e hoʻonui ana, e hui pū, e uhi ana i kahi mahele nui o ka papa pepa, e hāʻawi ana i ka hiʻohiʻona o kahi mea kuni. A laila huli nā lau, ʻōpala a maloʻo. ʻO nā puka līnani ʻona ma nā lehelehe a me nā kumu.
- Nā hana ʻohi. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ka hana me ka loli o ka hua a me ka luku ʻana o ke koena o ka hope-hōʻiliʻili; ka hoʻōla ʻana i nā kukui hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā wahi lāʻau o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo me ka hake (200 g no 10 l o ka wai). I ka wā e ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, mālama ʻia nā mea kanu me ka wai o 1% Bordeaux, akā ma kahi o 5 mau lā ma mua o ka ʻohi ʻana.
Ascochitosis
Ua pili i nā lau a me nā kumu o nā mea kanu i ulu i ka ʻāina palekana. Hoʻomaopopo nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ma ka nuku o ka piko, ma nā pahu kīnā ʻole piha ʻole o nā lau a i ʻoki, a laila e pālahalaha a piʻi i luna. Loaʻa nā wahi hina me nā poli ʻeleʻele he nui i nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka maʻi lau, e hoʻomaka ana me ka haʻahaʻa, nāwaliwali a hōʻemi ʻia hoʻi, me ke ʻano o nā wahi chlorotic me nā nui he nui.
- Nā hana ʻohi. ^ E Ha yM. Ke hoʻololi nei i ka lepo i pāpāʻia; disinfection keiki ma mua o ke kanu; kūlike me ka pae maikaʻi loa i ka wā e ulu ai nā mea kanu; ka lepo ʻana o nā wahi i hoʻopili ʻia e ka maʻi, kahi kāwili o ke keleawe lepo huapalapala a me ka pōpolo (1: 1).
ʻO Bacteriosis, a i ʻole ke kala ʻana o ka maka
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka zucchini i ulu i ka lepo i uhi ʻia, pili ʻia i nā iwi āpau o nā mea kanu. ʻO nā ʻōmaʻomaʻo nā wahi ʻulaʻula māmā ma nā cotyledons, nā pakanika palemele ma nā lau, e hoʻomoʻo i ka palakala a maloʻo i waho. Holo aku ka lapalapa i hoʻopā ʻia. Ma kahi o nā lau maloʻo, maloʻo ʻōpio. I nā poʻe maʻi maʻi o nā mea kanu, pili mau kūwili i kahi wai melemele nā ʻūlū. I ka wā e maloʻo ai, hana lākou i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni.
- Nā hana ʻohi. ^ E Ha yM. Hoʻopiʻi ka hoʻokō ʻana; ka waiho ʻana o ka lepo; i ka puka ʻana mai o nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, ke pīpī ʻana i nā mea kanu me ka wai o 1% Bordeaux. Hoʻomaopopo hou ka mālama ʻana ma hope o nā lā 10-12.
Keokeo keʻokeʻo
Ka pili i nā ʻōpū o nā mea kanu o ka paukena, hōʻike ʻia iā ia iho i ke ʻano o kahi pāpaʻi ʻulaʻula, ma nā mea ʻeleʻele e kū mai ana. E lilo nā io o nā mea kanu i ka palupalu a me ka mucilage, maloʻo ka mea kanu a laila make.
- Nā hana ʻohi. ^ E Ha yM. ʻO ke koho ʻana o nā moʻomeheu. Ke kau nei i ka kukama ma hope o ka legumes, aniani a i ʻōpala paha; ka mālama ʻana i nā wahi maʻi me ka ulana paʻa, ka mea fluff a i ʻole ke kala; ʻoi ka lole o ka pua nani (1 g o zinc sulfate, 2 - o vitriol a me 10 g o urea no ka 10 l o ka wai).
ʻO ka ʻōpala Powdery
E pili ana i nā lau a me nā huaʻai mai ka manawa o ko lākou ulu ʻana, nānā lākou i ka chlorotic, underdeveloped a make hoʻi. Hōʻike nā ʻeleʻele keʻokeʻo ma nā lau kahiko ma ka ʻaoʻao ma lalo, ka nui a me ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi e hoʻonui, hui pū lākou. Ke māmā a ʻeleʻele paha a ʻōmaʻomaʻo paha nā lau, ʻeleʻele aʻeleʻele.
- Nā hana ʻohi. ^ E Ha yM. Huli; hina hohonu hohonu; ka hemo ʻana o nā lau i pā ʻia, nā mea kanu a me nā nāhelehele; mālama i nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo he 20-25 ° C a me ka momona haʻahaʻa. I ka wā e ʻike ʻia mai nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi, hoʻōla ʻia nā mea kanu i nā manawa he he 8-9 mau lā me ka infusion o mullein a i ʻole lehu mau, pono nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o nā lau. Ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻomau, ke mālama ʻia nei ka manaʻo o ka maʻi me ka lepo lepo a hoʻōla ʻia me ka pōkole colloidal 80%.
Kūpaʻa mākou i kāu ʻōlelo i ka ulu ʻana!
