Ua kapa ʻia nā Cherries i nā ʻano kumulāʻau a me nā mea kanu o ka genum Plum. ʻO ka pinepine, ʻo ka cherry manu maʻamau, e ulu ana i nā wao a me nā mea kanu ma waena o Lūkia, ma Western Europe, ma Asia a e hānai ʻia ʻo ia kahi mea kanu. He moʻomanaʻo kuʻuna a cherry manu i nā mea āpau a pau, ʻaʻole paʻakikī ke ulu. ʻAi ʻole ia i ka pae ʻāina, ka ʻaila a me ka hoʻōki.
Ma mua, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻehā cherry manu i kahi subgenus o kahi ʻehā manu.Padus) i ka huaā Plum, i kēia manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia i ka subgenus Cherry (Cerasus).
ʻEhā pua manu maʻamau (Prunus padus). © Anu WintschalekNā inoa ma nā ʻōlelo ʻokoʻa: ʻLelo Pelekania ʻālia manu (lāʻau); ital. ciliegio selvatico; Sepania cerezo aliso, palo de San Gregorio, árbol de la rabia; iā ia. ʻO Traubenkirsche (ka loli maʻamau loa ʻo Faulbaum, hewa ʻole ʻo Faulbeere); Tureke idris (lāʻau); Ukrainian cherry manu, cherry wild, wild cherry (e pili ana i kahi kahelehele ʻē aʻe); Palani Farani merisier à grappes, putiet, putier.
ʻO ka hui kūlohelohe o ka cherry manu ma North Africa (ʻĀpana), Hema, Central, Western, Northern a Eastern Europe, Asia Minor, Central and East (me nā palena nui o Kina), a me Transcaucasia. Ma Lūkia, he mea maʻamau ma ka ʻāpana ʻEulopa, Western and Eastern Siberia, a me ka Far East. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia a hoʻonohonoho maoli ʻia i ke ao holoʻokoʻa i kahi kahili mālie.
Makemake nui ka cherry manu i ka lepo, nā ʻāina momona me kahi mea kokoke e loaʻa i ka wai. Hoʻoulu ia i ka pili o nā kahawai, i nā nāhelehele o nā kahawai (urems) a me nā pāpale artisanal, ma nā ʻaoʻao o ke kuʻuna, ma ke one, a me nā kuʻu lāʻau.
ʻEhā pua manu maʻamau (Prunus padus). © Axel KristinssonKe ulu ʻana i ka pele cherry
Ke kanu a me ka hoʻohua
Hoʻomaʻi ʻia ka cherry manu: e nā huaʻai, ʻoki, waiho a me ʻokiʻoki. No ka lūlū ʻana e ka ʻokiʻoki, ʻoki ʻia lākou i ka pūnāwai i ka manawa o ka wai kahe a kanu ʻia no ke kolo.
Ma ka lulu ʻana i nā hua kanu, hoʻolaha ʻia ka cherry manu ma ʻAukake-Kepakemapa (ʻoiai ʻaʻole mālama ʻia nā waiwai o ka mea kanu makuahine). Inā ʻaʻole lākou he wā e lulu ai i ka hāʻule, a laila e kāohi ʻia nā hua ma nā mahina 4 mau mahina, a ma kekahi mau ʻano a hiki i 7-8 mau mahina (cherry bird bird, manu cherry Maak, bird cherry mahope). Hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i ke one maʻemaʻe, a me ka uhi ʻana, a ninini ʻia i loko o kahi pānaʻi, a kau ʻia ma kahi maloʻo. A i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā huaʻai i ka peck, ua hoʻoheheʻe ka ipu i ka hau. ʻO ka maʻamau, ma lalo o nā lei aliʻi o nā mea kanu hua, ma ke ʻano o ka hōʻiliʻili pilikino ʻana, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hua he nui i hiki ke kanu ʻia ma kahi paʻa i ka makahiki ʻelua.
ʻĀni ʻia nā ʻōpū a nā ʻāpana a manu i ka hāʻule, a i ka pūnāwai. Pono ka puho no ka hua liʻiliʻi e like me kahi nui o ka aʻa ke komo i loko. Hoʻohui i nā kolamu mineral e like me ke kumu maʻamau i hōʻike ʻia ma ka pupu a me ka organik, akā mai hana pālahalaha me ka mea hope. ʻO kā lākou mea nui a me ka wai kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo hiki ke alakaʻi i ka uhiʻeleʻele o ka lāʻau a maloʻo i waho o nā lālā āpau. Hoʻopili nui nā mea kanu i ka wā kanu a laila ma kahi o 2-3 mau manawa i ka wā ulu. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka wai me ka pau wale. Hoʻopili i ka lepo me ka sawdust, humus a uhi paha me kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni. Ke kanu nei, pono e hoʻokau i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā mea kanu, kā lākou lei pāpala, e hāʻawi ana i ka nui o ka pale. No ka mea ʻo ka hapanui o nā ʻano lāʻau he pollinators, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano ma luna o ka pūnaewele. I ka manawa like, kanu ʻia nā lau manu maʻamau ma ka lōʻihi o 4-6 m mai kēlā me kēia, a ʻo ka ʻālia manuahi puaʻa Virgin - me kahi mamao o 3-4 m.
Ke kanu ʻana, ʻokiʻoki i nā mea kanu i ke kiʻekiʻe o 60 cm a emi lākou i ka waiho ʻana i nā lālā pāwī mua. I ka makahiki aʻe, ʻokiʻoki i ke alakaʻi i ke kiʻekiʻe ma 50-60 cm mai nā papa kuihi mua o nā lālā ʻokaʻī - a laila e kau ʻia ka lua o ka papaʻa, a pēlā aku.
Maakē pilima Maak (Prunus maackii).
E mālama i ka ʻili manu
ʻOiai he launa ʻole ʻo ka cherry manu, ua ulu a hoʻomōla ʻo ia i nā wahi i kai maikaʻi i ka ʻāina momona, ʻona a maʻalahi ka lepo. Hāʻawi nā lāʻau koʻikoʻi i kahi nui o ka pale - pono kēia e noʻonoʻo i ka wā e hana ai i nā mea hoʻohui.
No ka nui o ka hua, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kanu ʻana i ʻelua mau mea kanu o nā ʻano like ʻole, akā ʻo ka pua ʻana i ka manawa like: ʻo ka pono o ka ulu ʻana o nā lau cherry lau i makemake nui ʻia, a makemake ʻia, ʻaʻole pono ia.
ʻO Birdcocks Maak lāua ʻo Siori, ʻānela i ke anuanu mamao o Far East, ʻaʻole e ʻae i ka maloʻo nui loa o ka lepo - pono lākou e hoʻouluulu ʻia e pono ai, e pale aku i ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka maloʻo ʻana o ka honua a puni ka ʻōpala.
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka cherry manu me ka eli a wehe i ka lepo, ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke aʻa a me ka foliar top ka lole
Hiki iā ʻoe ke haku i nā mea kanu i kahi lāʻau kiʻekiʻe a ma ke ʻano o kahi pua lāʻau he nui. No kahi waiho haʻahaʻa o ka paʻu mua o nā lālā pāhiu, ua ʻoki ʻia nā hua ma ke kiʻekiʻe o 60-70 cm.ʻO nā kūila e puka mai ana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka 3-4, i hoʻomohala nui ʻia, a paʻa hoʻi i ka wao. I nā makahiki ma hope mai, ua hoʻokumu ʻia nā hae o nā kauoha ʻelua a me ke kolu.
ʻEhā pua manu maʻamau (Prunus padus). © Udo SchröterʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka cherry manu i ka hoʻolālā ʻana
Kahi ʻanoʻano o ka mea kanu i maʻamau i loko o ka horticulture ornamental, nā ʻano like i ʻike ʻia no ka wehe o ka lei, nā ʻōpala kukui, pua nui a me ka hana hoʻonaninani maʻamau. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā mea kanu a me nā mea kanu hoʻokahi, ma kahi ʻano paʻa i nā māla lau nahele, kekahi mau ʻano i nā mea kanu alley.
ʻSilelo manuahi Ssiori (Padus ssiori). © Qwert1234Nā ʻano a me nā ʻano o ka lau ʻala
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia nā cherry i nā ʻano lāʻau 20 a me nā mea kanu, he mea maʻamau lākou i ka Honu Hemolele. Habitat - mai Arctic Circle a hiki i ka hema o ʻEulopa, ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻAsia Pūnaewele.
ʻIfala ʻōpū manu
ʻŌpū o ka ʻōpū manu ʻōmole (Prunus padus), a i ʻole ke kalpal, a i ʻole manu - ulu i loko o ka ulu lāʻau a me ke ʻano lāʻau-steppe o Eurasia. Ma kekahi mau wahi, ulu ka ʻahu manuahi manu i ka moana ʻo Arctic. ʻO kekahi kumulāʻau (e emi pinepine ka peʻa) a hiki i 18 m ke kiʻekiʻe He mauʻu uliuli ʻeleʻele, i kekahi manawa me ka puʻupuʻu iki ʻo lalo, nā hua a nā ʻuʻupu; i ka hāʻule i kā lākou hui ʻia i ka melemele, ʻaukā, ʻalapona kala. Hoʻopau ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki i ka hopena o ʻApelila - ka hapa mua o Mei. ʻAleʻele nā huaʻai a maikaʻi loa, me ka aniani a ma kahi o 0,5 cm hoʻi, ʻaʻohe ʻono, ʻono ʻono a me ka manawa like pū kekahi. ʻO nā mea ʻano ʻē loa a nā manu cherry:
- pendula (me ka lei kanikau)
- ʻramlelo pyramidalis (me ka lei aliʻi pyramidal)
- roseiflora (me nā pua pua)
- plena (me nā pua pālua)
- leucocarpa (me nā hua melemele kukui)
- aucubaefolia (me nā pua melemele ma nā lau)
ʻ cherlelo ʻeha manu
Melia HomaPrunus virginiana) - he kamaʻāina o ke kumu lāʻau o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika. Aia kekahi lāʻau i ka 15 m kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku kahi liʻiliʻi a hiki i ka 5 m ke kiʻekiʻe. Ua pua wai ʻia ma Mei, hope ma hope o ka cherry manu maʻamau, a aneane ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu. ʻUlaʻula nā hua ʻai, 0.5-0.8 cm i ka ʻāpana, hoʻopale, kāwili iki.
Kahi ʻano ʻano manuahi manuahi ʻo Virginia:
- nana
- pendula
- rubra (me nā hua ʻulaʻula kukui)
- ʻO xanthocarpa (me nā hua melemele)
- melanocarpa (me nā hua ʻeleʻele)
- liuloli
ʻIke ʻia nā ʻano ʻōnaʻu o nā ʻōpū a me nā vulgaris ʻili pua ʻōiwi a Lauha manu Lauha (P. x laucheana). I ka hoʻoilo o ka hoʻoilo he mau'āpana loa lākou me ka cherry manu maʻamau, akā ma ka waena waena e ulu maikaʻi ana lākou.
Pōʻalima manu
Laka manu aloha cherry, a i ʻole c ʻAmelika Hema (Prunus serotina) noho nō ma ka ʻĀkau o ʻAmelika, akā ma ke kūkulu hema ma mua o ka Virgin, a ua pua ia ma hope - i ka hopena o ka Mei. ʻO ka lāʻau a hiki i 30 m kiʻekiʻe. Naʻu ʻala ʻeleʻele e ʻono. ʻEleʻele nā hua ʻai, ma kahi he 1 cm ke anawaena, ʻoluʻolu, me kahi ʻano ʻalaʻawa a rum rumi (no laila kekahi o nā inoa inoa ʻAmelika no ka ʻano he rum cherry, "rum cherry"). ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona nani o nā mele manuahi hope loa.
- pendula
- ʻālaila
- plena (me nā pua pālua)
- liuloli
- kaila
Hiki ke ulu i ka cherry manu Late ma nā kikowaena o Moscow a ma nā wahi hema hou aku.
Late ʻeke manu (Prunus serotina).
Bird maak cherry
Nanak Maak (Prunus maackii) aia ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka ʻAla Hikina, komohana loa o Kina a me Korea. Kūpono ka lāʻau i ka 17 m kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kahi pua 4-8 m kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻomaka ka hua lāʻau e exfoliate me nā kiʻi he transverse lōʻihi me ka wā ʻōpiopio. ʻO nā lau ʻeleʻeleʻeleʻele, kukui keʻokeʻo i ka hāʻule. Hoʻopau ia i ka hapa lua o ka Mei - ʻo kakahiaka Iune. Nā hua kanu. Hiki ke ulu kūleʻa ʻo ia me nā kūlana o nā Urals a me Siberia.
ʻ cherlelo ʻeha manu
Kui ʻia ssioriPrunus ssiori) ulu i ka Sakhalin, nā Kuril Islands (ʻo ka inoa kai inoa ʻo Ainu manu cherry), ma nā kuahiwi kuahiwi o Northern Japan a me Northern China. He lāʻau a hiki i 10 m kiʻekiʻe. Ua uliuli nā lau ma luna, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka lalo. ʻO nā lau pua hou a me nā inflorescences me kahi ʻulaʻula ulaula-poni-violet. ʻEleʻele nā hua, a me ke aniani o 10-12 mm, mea ʻai. I ka wā ʻaina a me nā kime o ʻEulopa, ma kahi e hoʻokaʻawale nā ʻūhā a me nā frost, he haʻahaʻa ka paʻakikī o kēia hoʻoilo - ua hana ʻia ia i ka pā ʻana o ka makana kaʻo ma ka East East. Ma ke ala waena, hiki iā ʻoe ke ho'āʻo e ulu i kāna mau hua kanu, ma hope o ka acclimatization e lilo ia i kūʻokoʻa no ka hau.
ʻEhā pua manu maʻamau (Prunus padus). © PöllöʻO nā maʻi a me nā pōpoki o nā lau cherry manu
ʻO nā maʻi nui o ka ceri manu ma waena o Rūsia he mau lau lau a me ka ʻōpala plum (maʻi ʻana i nā huaʻai i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka marsupial fungus). ʻO nā pōpoki he manu piʻo, aphids, mauʻu puaa, nā mākōmole, nāʻau manu manuahi manuahi, nāhelehe a me nā silkworms uku ʻole ʻia.
Ma keʻano holoʻokoʻa, hiki mai kēia mea kanu. Makemake mākou iā ʻoe e kūleʻa i ka mākeke manu ulu!
